冊 2 · 句子怎麼長得自然 · Lesson 10

There is / It is / 虛主詞

There is, It is, and Dummy Subjects

there 用來引出存在；it 用來談時間、天氣、距離、或延後真正主詞。

對比

較不自然／易錯	更自然的美式	說明
It has a lot of traffic today.	There's a lot of traffic today.	存在用 there
There is difficult to park.	It's difficult to park. / Parking is difficult.	形容詞補語用 it
Is a problem with the sink.	There's a problem with the sink.	要有 there/it
There have many options.	There are many options.	be 動詞單複數

規則／用法

There + be + 名詞：引出新資訊（*There's an issue with…*）。
It + be + adj + to-V：評價行為（*It's tough to say no.*）。
It 當形式主詞：*It seems that…* / *It turns out…* / *It's worth noting…*。
C1：*There's no way…* / *It's not that…* 用來談判與澄清。

現代例句

房產
There's still a gap between our ask and their counteroffer.
我們的要求與還價仍有落差。
投資
It's worth noting that the comps are from before the rate jump.
值得注意，可比是在利率跳升前。
生活
It's about twenty minutes to the grocery store without traffic.
不塞車到超市大約二十分鐘。
房產
It turns out the delay was on the title side.
結果延誤出在產權那邊。
生活
There's no way I'm assembling furniture past midnight.
過了半夜我不可能組家具。
投資
It's not that we dislike the asset—it's that the timeline is wrong.
不是不喜歡這資產，而是時機不對。

跟讀短文

約 85 words · TTS（瀏覽器語音）

There's still a gap between our offer and their counter. It's worth noting the comps are from last spring. It's about fifteen minutes to the office without traffic. It turns out the delay was on the title company's side. There's no way I'm painting exterior trim in this heat. It's not that the price is impossible—it's that the timeline leaves no room for surprises. Dummy subjects sound tiny, yet they carry a lot of real-estate conversation when you're framing risk without sounding dramatic.

我們出價和對方還價仍有落差。值得注意，可比案例是去年春天的。不塞車到辦公室大約十五分鐘。結果延誤出在產權公司那邊。這種熱我不可能去漆外牆飾條。不是價格完全不可能，而是時程容不下任何意外。虛主詞雖小，卻撐起很多不動產對話裡「淡定說風險」的句子。

慣用語包

there's a gap

有落差／缺口

職場

it's worth noting

值得一提

職場

it turns out

結果是、原來

中性

there's no way

不可能

口語

迷你練習

選：___ a few open items on the punch list.
改錯：It has three bedrooms upstairs.
用 It's not that… 澄清：不是嫌貴，是擔心維修。