冊 1 · 基礎骨架 · Lesson 08
關係子句精簡
Relative Clauses (and Reducing Them)
用 who/which/that 補資訊；C1 還要會省略與分詞精簡，讓句子緊。
對比
| 較不自然／易錯 | 更自然的美式 | 說明 |
|---|---|---|
| The guy which called… | The guy who / that called… | 人用 who/that |
| The report, that we sent, …（非限定卻用 that） | The report, which we sent, … | 非限定用 which，有逗號 |
| The person I talked to her was helpful. | The person I talked to was helpful. | 勿重複受詞 |
| People live nearby are friendly.（缺關係詞／分詞） | People who live nearby… / People living nearby… | 要連接裝置 |
規則／用法
- 限定關係子句：必要資訊，可用 that；美式口語常用 that。
- 非限定：額外資訊，用逗號＋which/who，不用 that。
- 受格關係詞可省：*the deck (that) I sent*。
- 精簡：*the team working on escrow*；*issues raised in diligence*。
- 介系詞：正式 *to whom*；自然美式 *who I spoke with* / *the lender I spoke with*。
現代例句
- 房產
Here's the version that incorporates the inspection notes.
這版已納入驗屋意見。
- 投資
The inspector we hired flagged the roof and the HVAC.
我們請的驗屋師標出屋頂與空調。
- 生活
Anyone who's painted a room in summer knows patience matters.
夏天漆過房間的人都知道要有耐心。
- 房產
The clause, which felt minor at first, became a deal point.
那條款起初不起眼，後來成談判點。
- 投資
Investors applying after Friday won't be in this round.
週五後申請的投資人進不了這輪。
- 生活
That's the cafe I was telling you about near the listing.
就是掛牌附近我提過的那家咖啡店。
跟讀短文
約 89 words · TTS（瀏覽器語音）
Here's the version that incorporates the inspector's notes. The contractor we hired flagged the roof first. Anyone who's been through a remodel knows dust finds every closet. The clause which felt minor at first became a real deal point in negotiations. Buyers applying after the weekend won't see this listing in time. That's the duplex I was telling you about—the one with the ADU over the garage. When the description gets long, I trim relative clauses so the repair list stays readable on a phone at the property.
這版已納入驗屋師意見。我們請的承包商最先標出屋頂問題。翻修過的人都知道灰塵會鑽進每個衣櫃。起初不起眼的條款，談判時變成真正關鍵。週末後才申請看房的人趕不上這件掛牌。就是我跟你提過的那棟雙拼——車庫上方有 ADU 的那棟。描述一長，我就修剪關係子句，讓維修清單在現場手機上也讀得下去。
慣用語包
deal point
成交／談判關鍵點
職場
flag (an issue)
標出問題
職場
incorporate feedback
把意見納進稿
職場
the one I was telling you about
我提過的那個
口語
迷你練習
- 合併：I spoke with a lender. The lender is based in Austin.
- 精簡：People who work remotely need better async habits. → 分詞版
- 改錯：The house, that we toured, needs work.